A TXT (Text) record in DNS (Domain Name System) is used to store text-based information about a domain. When managing email hosting, TXT records are critical for various purposes, including authentication and verification. Here’s how they play a role:
Key Uses of TXT Records in Email Hosting:
- SPF (Sender Policy Framework):
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- SPF records define which mail servers are authorized to send emails on behalf of your domain.
- Example TXT record:
v=spf1 include:_spf.google.com ~all - This helps reduce spam by preventing unauthorized servers from sending emails with your domain.
- DKIM (DomainKeys Identified Mail):
- DKIM records contain a public key that allows recipients to verify that an email was not altered during transit.
- Example TXT record:
default._domainkey.example.com IN TXT "v=DKIM1; k=rsa; p=MIIBIjANB..."
- DMARC (Domain-based Message Authentication, Reporting, and Conformance):
- DMARC records provide policies for handling emails that fail SPF or DKIM checks.
- Example TXT record:
_dmarc.example.com IN TXT "v=DMARC1; p=quarantine; rua=mailto:dmarc-reports@example.com"
- Verification for Email Service Providers:
- Many email providers (e.g., Google Workspace, Microsoft 365, Mailchimp) require TXT records for domain verification during setup.
- Custom Records for Other Services:
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- TXT records can be used for other service-specific verifications (e.g., proving domain ownership or enabling third-party tools).
Why TXT Records Are Important in Email Hosting
- Prevent Email Spoofing: They ensure your domain isn’t misused for sending spam or phishing emails.
- Improve Deliverability: Proper TXT records boost your domain’s email reputation, reducing the chances of emails landing in spam folders.
- Compliance with Industry Standards: Many email services enforce SPF, DKIM, and DMARC for secure communication.
When setting up or troubleshooting email hosting, it’s essential to configure these TXT records correctly in your domain’s DNS settings.
